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2006年第01期
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奧地利茵斯不茹克市奧運會跳躍滑雪塔設施添加屋頂?shù)慕ㄖO計
安德瑞亞 蓓克北哥曼
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奧地利茵斯不茹克市的奧運會跳躍滑雪塔設施場地，曾于1964年和1976年舉辦過兩次冬季奧運會。每年一度著名的“四個跳躍滑雪塔比賽”都在這里舉行。
跳躍滑雪塔下有一平臺，周圍有較陡的看臺，使觀眾能在近處身臨其境地觀看比賽。從平臺上可看到整個跳躍滑雪塔設施，后看可俯視山腳下的美麗市容。茵斯不茹克市為了給平臺添加一屋頂，展開了國際建筑競選賽。
設計要求
對建筑的設計要求是，為平臺和看臺設計一個屋頂，使整個場地一年四季都能舉行文藝體育活動。而屋頂?shù)奶砑硬荒芊恋K跳躍滑雪比賽的觀看。
添加的屋頂從造型上既要與跳躍滑雪塔設施遙相呼應，還要與周圍群山環(huán)抱的自然環(huán)境相協(xié)調。無論是作為從市內眺望的遠景，還是置身其中的近景，都要有美感。
結構要求
德國建筑設計師奧特溫海泊的設計方案是一個鋼結構的玻璃屋頂。該結構的采光性能好，并能在陽光直射的日子里使室內有足夠的陰影，擋住強烈的陽光。該設計方案的特點是簡練。簡單明快的屋頂造型給整個體育場罩上了一絲安詳平靜的氣氛，結構上的簡練使建筑物的性能一目了然。 這個設計將給茵斯不茹克市帶來一個獨特的景點。
屋頂采用一組組鋼管，呈立體三角形，最大跨度為120m。鋼管上方鋪有玻璃。
平臺處于整個區(qū)域的中心，在跳躍滑雪塔比賽時平臺將被一斜坡圍墻罩住。整個場地的運行費用非常低。
平臺的一側設有一長形的建筑，起到對平臺的保護，遮蔽作用。該建筑使用面積約為300m2，作為存衣室，衛(wèi)生間，以及藝術家，運動員們的休息室。
The Municipality of Innsbruck Tyrol / Austria organised in 1990 an international competition of architects for redesigning the Bergisel Stadium. The competion was organised as an open, international, anonymous, single-stage ideas competition held under the auspice of the International Union of Architects - UIA -, Paris.
The Bergisel Stadium in Innsbruck contains the big Olympic Ski Jump (used for the Winter Olympic Games in 1964 and 1976) where, every year on the 4th of January, the“Bergisel Ski Jumping Competition”is held within the framwork of the “Four Jumps Tournement”. Furthermore, the stadium is occasionally used to hold other sporting and cultural events.
The stadium is set apart first of all by its unique and particulary scenic location - with a panorama including the city at the foot of the hill against the magnificent mountain backdrop - and secondly by the size of the ski jump together with the impressive space in the stadium interior with its unity of form.
REQUESTS
The purpose of the competion was to develop ideas for redesigning this bergisel Stadium as a covered, multifunctional center to use it round the year for sporting and cultural events and other types of entertainment, with the center fully retaining its present function as a skijump stadium.
The key element in the designing task is the proposal for a roof - preferable convertible - over the spectator area and the proposed stage complex. This roof may never block the view of the ski jumpers or the spectator′s view when ski-jumping competitions are held in the stadium.
A further focus of the entries should be a concept or the organisation and construction of a multifunctional stage complex including such supplementary facilities as dressing rooms, workshops, storage rooms, management offices, press officies, equipment rooms, giant video screen, etc.
An important part of the competitors′ task was to develop a concept for the organization of the spectator area, including the central service area, and the various way of coordinating it with the stage complex.
In order for a large center for organized events to be functional, provisions must be made for the smoothest possible flow of the various types of the traffic inside and outside the stadium. An essential aspect of the competitors′task was to develop a high-quality design whose form, in combination with the unique natural arena, will distinguish the entire facility - for the spectators experiencing the stadium from the inside, for people in the city of Innsbruck and the Inn valley who see it from a distance and for television viewers who see it through the eye of the camera.
A factor of essential importance for the feasibility of a design is the high economic efficiency of the overall project with regard to the construction, maintenance and operating costs. The remodelling of the stadium is to be finances with the aid of professional marketing strategies, and the total costs should be approximately 100 million EURO.
STEEL GLASS CONSTRUCTION
The glass roof that proposed by the architects Ortwin Heipe and Andrea Becker-Bergemann, possesses a high translucence for daylight giving shade at the same time from direct irradiation.
Simplicity of the creative and technical means was premise of the design. The simple architectural and contructive design of the roof creates a quiet and discrete backround for diverse activities in the arena.
VThis aesthetics of the thrift gives dignity and significance to the installation. A calm atmosphere is caused by its clearness and casualness. In addition, the arena gets a distinctive and an easily remembered accent.
The big stage is variably arranged in the middle of the arena and accommodated at ski - jump events in the ramparts slope.Backstage - rooms for artists and athletes are in an elongated building, that accompanies the entrance of the stage protectively.
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